Air Conditioning and Other Measures Enabling Animals to Survive the Heat and Cold

Air conditioning is important not only for humans, but also for precision machinery such as computers in data centers, and animals, which tend to be forgotten, such as pets and animals in zoos. Animals are divided into homeotherms and poikilotherms (Fig. 1). Homeotherms have the following characteristics. They have a constant body temperature and act constantly. They can be active even in cold areas by getting food. They dissipate heat when it is hot and reduce heat dissipation by increasing metabolic heat when it is cold.